Carlos Marighella
- Born:
- December 5, 1911, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Died:
- November 4, 1969, São Paulo, Brazil
- Nationality:
- Brazilian
- Profession(s):
- Politician, Communist Guerrilla Leader, Writer, Theoretician
Early Life and Education
- Born to a white Italian immigrant father and a black Brazilian mother.
- Began studies in civil engineering at the Polytechnic School of Bahia but abandoned them to dedicate himself to political activism.
- Joined the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) in 1932.
Career and Major Achievements
- Imprisoned multiple times for his political activities during the Vargas regime and the subsequent military dictatorship.
- Elected Federal Deputy for Bahia in 1946, but his mandate was revoked when the PCB was outlawed.
- Became a prominent figure in the PCB's leadership.
- Broke with the PCB in the late 1960s, advocating for armed struggle against the military dictatorship.
- Founded the Ação Libertadora Nacional (ALN), one of the main urban guerrilla groups fighting the dictatorship.
- Organized and participated in numerous acts of sabotage, bank robberies, and kidnappings to finance and promote the armed struggle.
- Authored "Mini-Manual of the Urban Guerrilla," a widely circulated guide for urban guerrilla warfare.
Notable Works
Publications
- Mini-Manual of the Urban Guerrilla (1969)
- Numerous articles and pamphlets on political theory and guerrilla warfare.
Legacy and Impact
Carlos Marighella was a controversial figure. While revered by some as a revolutionary hero who fought against oppression, he is condemned by others for his advocacy of violence and armed struggle. His "Mini-Manual of the Urban Guerrilla" became influential in urban guerrilla movements worldwide. Understanding quem e carlos marighella biography requires considering his commitment to social justice alongside the methods he embraced.